What Is Best Antiseptic To Clean Flesh Wounds?

Until the 19th century, most surgical operationsended with a lethal outcome of the patient from infectious diseases brought by medical workers. Fortunately, such an achievement of medicine, as antiseptic, reduced the percentage of deaths from septicopyemia to a minimum. Modernistic surgery successfully uses various types of antiseptics, which we will talk over in this article.

What is antiseptics and what is it for?

On the relationship of pathogenic microbes with purulentEven the ancient healers who unknowingly used natural components with anti-inflammatory properties guessed the inflammation of the wounds. Nevertheless, the real fight against surgical infections began in the second half of the XIX century, when the English doc J. Lister published an article in which he described his method of treating an open fracture with a 5% solution of carbolic acid. Since then, a new era in surgery has begun, where with the development of medicine all new types of antiseptic appeared.

Antiseptic in modernistic terminology meansa ready of measures and manipulations aimed at the destruction of microorganisms, as well equally their spores and toxins in tissues and macroorganisms. Forth with this, the term "hygienic" is of great importance in surgery, which means a set of measures to prevent the development of pathogenic microbes in wounds. Aseptic techniques likewise include the sterilization of surgical instruments and accessories. As well as the discovery of anesthesia and blood groups, the opening of surgery in the XIX century types of aseptic and antiseptic have become ane of the fundamental medical achievements of the time. It was from that menstruum that surgeons began to actively practice the previously considered risky (with a 100% lethal outcome) surgery on the chest and abdominal cavity.

The main types of antiseptics in modern medicine

Aseptic, of course, plays a huge part insurgery and oft does non require additional measures, however, as practice has shown, a complete rejection of antiseptic manipulation is incommunicable. Kinds of antiseptics in medicine can be conditionally divided co-ordinate to the nature of the methods used and the method of application. In the first instance, the number of antiseptic species includes:

• Mechanical antiseptics.
• Physical.
• Chemical.
• Biological.
• Mixed.

Past the mode of application, the chemical and biological types of antiseptics are divided into:

• Local in the form of processing of a split partbody. Local antiseptics tin exist superficial and deep. Superficial ways toilet wounds and damage (washing with solutions, treatment with powders, ointments, compresses), and deep antiseptic is the introduction of chemic and biological anti-infectious agents into the body through injections.
• General, implying infusion of the body through the blood and lymph with antiseptic drugs (infusion of droppers).

Mechanical antiseptics

Mechanical antiseptic is performed with the help of surgical instruments and includes:

• Toilet of the injured tissue site: cleansing the wound from blood clots and pus, if available.
• Master treatment: if necessary, dissection of the edges and the lesser of the wound, removal of foreign bodies and not-viable areas of tissue, imposition of surgical sutures.
• Secondary handling is carried out in the event of an infectious inflammation of the injury and includes re-autopsy of the wound, drainage, removal of purulent secretion, fibrin and dead tissue.

Concrete antiseptics

Physical antiseptics include a set of measures forprevention of the propagation of pathogenic microbes and the absorption of the products of their vital activity by the tissues of the patient. Physical types of antiseptic wounds include the following:

• Hygroscopic dressing material for drawing a secret from the wound, which is favorable for reproduction of microbes. This grouping of antiseptics includes: cotton wool wool, bandage, napkins.
• Hypertonic solutions are used in combination with dressings.
• Draining means human action on the basis of communicating vessels, the method consists in flowing the wound.
• Technical ways in the course of ultrasound, ultraviolet, Ten-ray, light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation and oxygenation. All these methods have a negative bear on on the development of pathogenic microbes with high efficiency.

Chemical antiseptics

Chemical antiseptics include measures to impale pathogens in the patient's wound or body with the help of chemic agents, among which are:

• Disinfectants are used in hygienic for processing surgical instruments, surfaces of floors, walls, etc.
• Chemical antiseptics are used for localapplication and include various types of skin antiseptics in the form of alkalis, solutions of salts, acids, oxidants, etc. The advantage of such agents is a wide range of antibacterial action, depression resistance of pathogens to the training, as well every bit the possibility of long-term storage and the absence of significant side reactions.
• Chemotherapeutic drugs are used withtherapeutic or prophylactic purpose and are represented by antiseptics of synthetic origin. They have an overwhelming effect on microbes, non only in the diseased tissues of the patient, but also in his entire body. Particularly important in cases of the spread of the inflammatory process exterior the focus of infection. Chemotherapy drugs are valuable in medicine not but because of their wide range of activities (ie, the power to suppress various types of bacteria), but besides their narrow focus.

Biological antiseptics

Biological antiseptics include means of biological origin that are capable of acting both directly on microorganisms, and indirectly. Biological antiseptics include:

• Antibiotics of biological originare produced by some bacteria, molds. Unlike types of antibiotics can both inhibit the growth of bacteria, and contribute to the complete death of microbes.
• Anatoxins of some infectious pathogens are injected into the body of healthy people to develop immunity to this bacterium.
• Bacteriophages are viruses (often chosen bacterial eaters), capable of destroying the microorganism from within.
• Nonspecific immunostimulants (interferons, interleukins).

Mixed clarified

Combined antiseptics uses the methods and means of all kinds of antiseptic in the aggregate. As combined means are used:

• Inorganic antiseptics.
• Constructed analogues of biological agents.
• Synthetically produced organic substances.

Types of antiseptics for wood and other building materials

Different bacteria can cause decay processesand decomposition non only in the organisms of humans and animals, merely as well in edifice materials, such as forest. To protect wooden products in the interior and exterior from damage by insects and house mushrooms, dissimilar kinds of wood antiseptics are used in the structure. They may be:

• Inorganic antiseptics take a mineralbase and are represented by metal salts finer destroying all insects on forest products. This group includes solutions of sodium fluoride, ammonium, and too sodium silicofluoride and ammonium silicofluoride.
• Organic antiseptics are poisonous substances about often on an oily ground (creosote, semi-coke, anthracene oil, shale, etc.).
• Combined antiseptics consist of ii or more toxic substances. Examples: chlorodon, chlorophos, phenol, carbolenium.

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